Flow of a biomagnetic viscoelastic fluid: application to estimation of blood flow in arteries during electromagnetic hyperthermia,a therapeutic procedure for cancer treatment

The paper deals with the theoretical investigation of a fundamental problem of biomaguetic fluid flow through a porous medium subject to a magnetic field by using the principles of biomagnetic fluid dynamics （BFD）. The study pertains to a situation where magnetization of the fluid varies with temperature. The fluid is considered to be non-Newtonian, whose flow is governed by the equation of a second-grade viscoelastic fluid. The walls of the channel are assumed to be stretchable, where the surface velocity is proportional to the longitudinal distance from the origin of coordinates. The problem is first reduced to solving a system of coupled nonlinear differential equations involving seven parameters. Considering blood as a biomagnetic fluid and using the present analysis, an attempt is made to compute some parameters of the blood flow by developing a suitable numerical method and by devising an appropriate finite difference scheme. The computational results are presented in graphical form, and thereby some theoretical predictions are made with respect to the hemodynamical flow of the blood in a hyperthermal state under the action of a magnetic field. The results clearly indicate that the presence of a magnetic dipole bears the potential so as to affect the characteristics of the blood flow in arteries to a significant extent during the therapeutic procedure of electromagnetic hyperthermia. The study will attract the attention of clinicians, to whom the results would be useful in the treatment of cancer patients by the method of electromagnetic hyperthermia.     

SWKB formalism for confined quantum systems

A formalism is developed to study spatially confined one‐dimensional quantum mechanical systems in the framework of the supersymmetric Wentzel–Kramers–Brillouin (SWKB) method. The approximation technique is applied to estimate the energy eigenvalues of two confined potentials—the harmonic oscillator V(x)=x² and the screened Coulomb potential V(x)=−V₀sech²x. The results thus obtained are found to be in better agreement with the exact numerical values than are those from the ordinary WKB approach. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 79: 267–273, 2000     

Andrographolide: A Herbal-Chemosynthetic Approach for Enhancing Immunity,Combating Viral Infections,and Its Implication on Human Health

Plants consistently synthesize and accumulate medically valuable secondary metabolites which can be isolated and clinically tested under in vitro conditions. An advancement with such important phytochemical production has been recognized and utilized as herbal drugs. Bioactive andrographolide (AGL; C₂₀H₃₀O₅) isolated from Andrographis paniculate (AP) (Kalmegh) is a diterpenoid lactones having multifunctional medicinal properties including anti-manic, anti-inflammatory, liver, and lung protective. AGL is known for its immunostimulant activity against a variety of microbial infections thereby, regulating classical and alternative macrophage activation, Ag-specific antibody production during immune disorder therapy. In vitro studies with AGL found it to be effective against multiple tumors, neuronal disorders, diabetes, pneumonia, fibrosis, and other diverse therapeutic misadventures. Generally, virus-based diseases like ZIKA, influenza A virus subtype (H1NI), Ebola (EBOV), Dengue (DENV), and coronavirus (COVID-19) epidemics have greatly increased scientific interest and demands to develop more effective and economical immunomodulating drugs with minimal side effects. Trials and in vitro pharmacological studies with AGL and medicinally beneficial herbs might contribute to benefit the human population without using chemical-based synthetic drugs. In this review, we have discussed the possible role of AGL as a promising herbal-chemo remedy during human diseases, viral infections and as an immunity booster.     

Accessing Remote meta‐ and para‐C(sp2)−H Bonds with Covalently Attached Directing Groups

Directing group assisted ortho‐C?H activation has been known for the last few decades. In contrast, extending the same approach to achieve activation of the distal meta‐ and para‐C?H bonds in aromatic molecules remained elusive for a long time. The main challenge is the conception of a macrocyclic transition state, which is needed to anchor the metal catalyst close to the target bond. Judicious modification of the chain length, the tether linkage, and the nature of the catalyst‐coordinating donor atom has led to a number of successful studies in the last few years. This Review compiles the significant achievements made in this field of both meta‐ and para‐selectivity using covalently attached directing groups, which are systematically classified on the basis of their mode of covalent attachment to the substrate as well as their chemical nature. This Review aims to create a more heuristic approach for recognizing the suitability of the directing groups for use in future organic transformations.     

Murahashi Cross-Coupling at −78 °C: A One-Pot Procedure for Sequential C−C/C−C,C−C/C−N,and C−C/C−S Cross-Coupling of Bromo-Chloro-Arenes

The coupling of organolithium reagents, including strongly hindered examples, at cryogenic temperatures (as low as −78 °C) has been achieved with high-reactivity Pd-NHC catalysts. A temperature-dependent chemoselectivity trigger has been developed for the selective coupling of aryl bromides in the presence of chlorides. Building on this, a one-pot, sequential coupling strategy is presented for the rapid construction of advanced building blocks. Importantly, one-shot addition of alkyllithium compounds to Pd cross-coupling reactions has been achieved, eliminating the need for slow addition by syringe pump.     

Binding Motifs in the Naked Complexes of Target Amino Acids with an Excerpt of Antitumor Active Biomolecule: An Ion Vibrational Spectroscopy Assay

The structures of proton-bound complexes of 5,7-dimethoxy-4H-chromen-4-one ( 1 ) and basic amino acids (AAs), namely, histidine (His) and lysine (Lys), have been examined by means of mass spectrometry coupled with IR ion spectroscopy and quantum chemical calculations. This selection of systems is based on the fact that 1 represents a portion of glabrescione B, a natural small molecule of promising antitumor activity, while His and Lys are protein residues lining the cavity of the alleged receptor binding site. These species are thus a model of the bioactive adduct, although clearly the isolated state of the present study bears little resemblance to the complex biological environment. A common feature of [ 1 +AA+H]⁺ complexes is the presence of a protonated AA bound to neutral 1 , in spite of the fact that the gas-phase basicity of 1 is comparable to those of Lys and His. The carbonyl group of 1 acts as a powerful hydrogen-bond acceptor. Within [ 1 +AA+H]⁺ the side-chain substituents (imidazole group for His and terminal amino group for Lys) present comparable basic properties to those of the α-amino group, taking part to a cooperative hydrogen-bond network. Structural assignment, relying on the comparative analysis of the infrared multiple photon dissociation (IRMPD) spectrum and calculated IR spectra for the candidate geometries, derives from an examination over two frequency ranges: 900–1800 and 2900–3700 cm⁻¹. Information gained from the latter one proved especially valuable, for example, pointing to the contribution of species characterized by an unperturbed carboxylic OH or imidazole NH stretching mode.     

Engineered Bio-inspired Multifunctional Peptide- and Protein-based Therapeutic Biomolecules for Better Wound Care

Developing non-immunogenic therapeutic biomolecules for facilitating blood clotting followed by wound healing via therapeutic angiogenesis, still remains a formidable challenge. Excessive blood loss of accident victims and battalions cause a huge number of deaths worldwide. Patients with inherited bleeding disorders face acute complications during injury and post-surgery. Biologically-inspired peptide-based hemostat can act as a potential therapeutic for handling coagulopathy. Additionally, non-healing wounds for patients having ischemic diseases can cause severe clinical complications. Advancement in stabilized growth-factor-based proangiogenic therapy may offer effective possibilities for the treatment of ischemic pathology. This review will discuss nature-inspired biocompatible stabilized peptide- and protein-based molecular medicines to serve unmet medical challenges for handling traumatic coagulopathy and impaired wound healing.     

Lanthanum(III) and praseodymium(III) complexes of acetylferrocenyl mercaptotriazoles

Schiff base complexes derived from 3-substituted phenyl-4-amino-thiolato-1,2,4-triazoles and acetylferrocene (LH), with lanthanum(III) and praseodymium(III) of the type [M(L)₃] have been prepared and characterised by elemental analysis, electrical conductance, magnetic moments and spectral (electronic, i.r., ¹H-n.m.r. and ¹³C-n.m.r.) data. The thermal behaviour of selected complexes was investigated by t.g. and d.t.g. techniques.